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* pakke: (pakke).             pakke, a command-line package manager
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pakke 0.2.3 Manual Copyright (C) 2000-2003 by Richard Dawe

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
Free Documentation License" (*note GNU Free Documentation License::).

Introduction
************

What is pakke?
==============

pakke is a package manager for DJGPP, loosely modelled on RPM, a package
manager for Linux and other Unices.  A "package" is a collection of
programs or files, e.g. the base DJGPP distribution `djdev' or gcc.

pakke has been designed with the following goals:

   * Ability to install DJGPP and associated packages from scratch,
     i.e. without requiring any other packages;

   * RPM-like command-line syntax;

   * Ability to download packages using HTTP (web) or FTP;

Please note that there is nothing in pakke's design that ties it to
DJGPP.  It could be used for any type of package. It has been designed
with the DJGPP community in mind, but could be configured easily as a
general package management tool.

pakke has a home page
`http://www.phekda.freeserve.co.uk/richdawe/pakke/' and a mailing list
<pakke-workers@yahoogroups.com>.  Please ask any questions about pakke
on the mailing list.

Installation
************

Installing the Binary Distribution
==================================

Filename: `pakk023b.zip'

If you want to install DJGPP from scratch, please see the How-To (*note
How to install DJGPP using pakke::).

Installing the binary distribution (ready-to-run) of pakke is relatively
straightforward.  Extract the ZIP file into the DJGPP directory (e.g.
c:\djgpp), preserving directory names - e.g. use PKUNZIP's '-d' option.

The binary distribution includes documentation in info and text formats.
For additional formats please see the section below on the documentation
distribution.

To install the info files properly, you will need GNU texinfo 4.0
(available from the DJGPP archive as `v2gnu/txi40b.zip').  Run the
following commands:

     install-info --info-file=/dev/env/DJDIR/info/pakke.inf \
                  --info-dir=/dev/env/DJDIR/info
     
     install-info --info-file=/dev/env/DJDIR/info/dsmcheck.inf \
                  --info-dir=/dev/env/DJDIR/info
     
     install-info --info-file=/dev/env/DJDIR/info/dsm.inf \
                  --info-dir=/dev/env/DJDIR/info

Please note that some lines have been split with the `\' character -
these should be typed as one line.

pakke should now be installed correctly and ready to use - please read
how to get started with pakke (*note Getting started::).

Installing the Documentation Distribution
=========================================

Filename: `pakk023d.zip'

Installing the documentation distribution of pakke is relatively
straightforward.  Extract the ZIP file into the DJGPP directory (e.g.
c:\djgpp), preserving directory names - e.g. use PKUNZIP's '-d' option.

The documentation is provided in DVI, PostScript and HTML formats.

Building from the Source Distribution
=====================================

Filename: `pakk023s.zip'

Required and Optional Packages
------------------------------

To build pakke the following packages are required:

   * GNU C compiler - versions 2.8.0, 2.8.1, 2.95.2, 2.95.3 have been
     used.

   * GNU binutils - versions 2.8.1, 2.9.5.1 beta, 2.10 have been used.

   * GNU make

   * GNU autoconf 2.13

   * GNU m4 1.4 (or later) (required by GNU autoconf)

   * GNU awk (required by GNU autoconf)

   * GNU grep (required by GNU autoconf)

   * GNU sed

   * GNU bash

   * GNU fileutils

   * GNU findutils

   * GNU shellutils

   * GNU textutils 2.0 (or later)

   * GNU texinfo 4.0 (or later)

   * GNU flex

   * GNU bison

   * zlib (available from the DJGPP archive in `v2tk/')

   * popt (available from the DJGPP archive in `v2tk/')

Optional packages are as follows:

   * The Memory Supervision System (MSS) can provide memory allocation
     debugging.  MSS is available from the DJGPP archive in `v2tk/'.

   * PMODE/DJ can be used to build executables that have a built-in DOS
     extender (i.e. CWSDPMI not required), so that pakke can be used to
     install DJGPP "from nothing".  PMODE/DJ is available from the
     DJGPP archive in `v2misc/'.

These packages should be detected and used automatically during the
configure process.

Configuration and Compilation
-----------------------------

In the following instructions, I have assumed that bash is the shell.
If not, type 'bash' and then follow the instructions.

  1. Run `./configure' to autodetect any needed libraries.  The
     following command-line options can be passed to `configure':

    `--enable-debug'
          Enable debugging information.

    `--enable-email=xxx'
          Set the e-mail address to be displayed with pakke's `-V'
          command-line option.

    `--with-bzip2'
          Enable support for bzip2-compressed packages (*note
          bzip2.info: Top.).

    `--with-mss'
          Enable memory allocation tracking with MSS - if MSS isn't
          installed, then this will be ignored.

    `--with-pmode-stub'
          Enable building with the PMODE/DJ protected mode stub.  When
          built with this stub, pakke and dsmcheck can be used on any
          computer without needing a DPMI server to be installed.  This
          is useful for installing DJGPP from scratch under DOS, where
          no DPMI server is available by default.

          Note: The versions built with the PMODE/DJ stub _may_ be less
          stable than those built without.  Problems have been reported
          with programs built with PMODE/DJ.

     If you are going to distribute your binaries of pakke, please use
     the `--enable-email' switch and supply your e-mail address.

     Below is an example invocation of `configure' with all the options;
     you may not need all these options.

          ./configure --enable-debug --with-mss \
                      --enable-email=barney.rubble@bedrock.az.us

     The `--prefix' option is used to specify the prefix used when
     installing the built package.  This should probably be the DJGPP
     directory, but you can install it elsewhere if you want.  If you
     have a recent enough DJGPP toolchain, you can use the
     `/dev/env/DJDIR' syntax for the prefix, e.g.:

          ./configure --prefix=/dev/env/DJDIR

  2. Run `make' to compile.

  3. (_Optional_, but recommended) Run `make check' to check that the
     programs have been built correctly.

  4. (_Optional_) Run `make -C doc all' to build documentation in
     formats other than the defaults of info and HTML.

  5. (_Optional_) Run `make install' to install pakke.  If you want to
     see what would be installed, use `make -n install' instead.

  6. (_Optional_) Run `make install-lib' if you are going to use
     libpakke in your own programs.  It installs library header files
     and the library itself.

pakke should now be built, installed correctly and ready to use -
please read how to get started with pakke (*note Getting started::).

Getting started
***************

Before getting started with pakke, some concepts need to be explained.

Dependencies
============

Dependencies are the interactions between different packages.  For
instance, if one has some C source code, it is only useful, if there is
a C compiler to compile it with.  The source code depends on the C
compiler.

The DSM specification (*note dsm.inf: Top.) actually has two kinds of
dependencies - `requires' and `depends-on'.  These are "hard
dependencies" and "soft dependencies" respectively.  A hard dependency
must be satisfied.  A package with a hard dependency will not work, if
this dependency is not satisfied.  A soft dependency may not be
satisfied, but the package will still work with some of its
functionality impaired.

It is also possible to have "virtual dependencies", which specify
capabilities.  These capabilities may be provided by multiple packages.
A capability is something like the ability to read web pages or provide
certain system calls, e.g. DPMI, that packages require.

The package database
====================

pakke has a package database, to keep track of what has been
installed/uninstalled/upgraded.  This information allows pakke to
install/uninstall/upgrade packages safely.  It contains the following
information:

   * descriptions of the packages (DSMs);

   * manifest files for the packages (`.mft' files);

   * MD5 hashes of each file in the packages, to detect when they have
     changed.

When the package database is created by pakke (*note Initialising the
package database::), some information is automatically added:

   * a DSM for the operating system/platform that pakke is running on.

Why would you want to install a DSM for the platform that pakke is
running on?  These "platform DSMs" list what capabilities the operating
system provides.

An important capability for DJGPP programs is DPMI, since all DJGPP
programs require a DPMI server to be running.  Please note that some
DJGPP programs appear not to need a DPMI server.  They do, but the DPMI
server has been linked into them.  Windows provides a DPMI 0.9 server,
so there is a capability in the Windows DSMs for DPMI.

The package database is stored in `share/pakke' in the DJGPP directory
(or whatever directory is the pakke root).  In this directory there are:

`pakkerc'
     pakke's configuration file;

`simtelrc'
     a list of URLs for mirror sites for the DJGPP archive;

`db/'
     a directory containing installed package database;

`db-avail/'
     a directory containing available package database;

`win32/'
     a directory (if present) containing helper programs for running
     under 32-bit versions of Windows, i.e.: any version later than
     Windows 3.x.

If the configuration and package database has not been created, you may
see the following error:

     Error: Unable to read configuration file!

Please see the later section "Getting started with pakke" (*note
Getting started with pakke: Getting started.).

The package operations
======================

pakke has different modes of operation, depending on the packages
involved:

   * The package database can be initialised.

   * The package database can be synchronised with updated DSMs, when
     they become available.

   * Installed packages can be queried, uninstalled, upgraded or
     verified.

   * Available packages can be queried or installed.

These operations are described in the chapter "Package operations"
(*note Package operations::).

The method of selecting packages depends on the operation.  See the
section of package specifiers for more details (*note Package
specifiers::).

Verification of a package is called an "integrity check".  This will
show which files in the package have changed or are missing, if any.

DSMs for DJGPP packages
=======================

Newer DJGPP packages are provided with DSMs.  These DSMs are also
available in the package "djgpp-dsms", which is available from the
`v2/' directory of the DJGPP archive as the file `dsXXXXXX.zip', where
`XXXXXX' is the package's date, e.g. `010822'.  This can be installed,
upgraded and uninstalled like any other DJGPP package.

If one plans to install or upgrade a lot of packages to the latest from
the DJGPP archive, it may be more convenient to download all the
packages, install "djgpp-dsms" and then upgrade by package name.
Typing in a large number of filenames can become tedious.

In fact the `--syncdb' operation can download the latest "djgpp-dsms"
package for you (*note Synchronising the package database::).

Automatic downloading of packages
=================================

pakke can download packages automatically, if they are not found.  The
following operations can download packages:

   * synchronising the package database (*note Synchronising the
     package database::);

   * installing packages (*note Installing packages::);

   * upgrading packages (*note Upgrading packages::).

pakke will ask you whether you want to download packages.  If pakke is
running in non-interactive mode (*note Non-interactive mode::), it will
not download packages.

You should configure pakke (*note pakkerc::), so that it uses the
nearest and fastest server on the Internet to you, when downloading
packages.

You can specify the Simtel.NET mirror to use on the command-line using
the `--mirror' command-line option:

     pakke --mirror ftp://ftp.simtel.net/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/

If you use the same mirror each time, you may wish to configure pakkerc
(*note pakkerc::) to use it by default.

pakke uses GNU wget, to download packages.  See the wget home page at
`http://wget.sunsite.dk/' or `http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/' for
more details.

Getting started with pakke
==========================

This section assumes that you already have a DJGPP installation.  For
instructions on installing DJGPP from scratch with pakke, please see
the How-To (*note How to install DJGPP using pakke::).

Using pakke with an existing DJGPP installation is straightforward.
Firstly, extract the pakke binaries into the DJGPP directory.  You now
need to initialise and synchronise the package database, so that pakke
knows about all the packages you have.  I have assumed that you are
using the bash shell - if not, type `bash' to run it.  Then change into
the DJGPP directory (e.g. `c:/djgpp') and then execute the following
commands:

     ./bin/pakke -v --initdb
     ./bin/pakke -v --syncdb

These commands will create the configuration files `pakkerc' and
`simtelrc' for you (*note pakkerc::, *note simtelrc::).

You should now be able to use pakke.  To check this, list all installed
packages:

     pakke -v -qa

To read the pakke manual, you can use the info program:

     info pakke

Please read the manual, particularly the sections on querying (*note
Querying packages::) and installing packages (*note Installing
packages::).

Invoking pakke
**************

Help options
------------

     -h --help -V --version -L --license

`-h' only displays help, if an operation has not been specified on the
command-line.  If an operation has been specified, then `-h' will make
pakke show its progress (see `-h', `--hash' and `--show-progress'
below).

Global options
--------------

*Note Non-interactive mode::.

     --rcfile --root --prefix -v --verbose -Q --quiet --non-interactive
     -h --hash --show-progress

Download options
----------------

*Note Automatic downloading of packages::.

     --mirror

Query options
-------------

*Note Querying packages::.

     -q --query -p -a --installed -A --available
     -i --longinfo --long-info --short --short-info -l -f
     -R --requires --depends-on --conflicts-with --replaces --provides
     --install-before --install-after --all-deps --all-dependencies
     --changelog --pre-install-readme --post-install-readme
     --pre-uninstall-readme --post-uninstall-readme --install-warning

Install options
---------------

*Note Installing packages::.

     -i --install -A --available -n --test

Uninstall options
-----------------

*Note Uninstalling packages::.

     -e --uninstall -n --test

Upgrade options
---------------

*Note Upgrading packages::.

     -U --upgrade -A --available -n --test

Database initialisation options
-------------------------------

*Note Initialising the package database::.

     --initdb --with-platform --with-pakke

Database synchronisation options
--------------------------------

*Note Synchronising the package database::.

     --syncdb

Integrity checking options
--------------------------

*Note Checking the integrity of installed packages::.

     --check-integrity

Package operations
******************

Initialising the package database
*********************************

Initialisation command-line
===========================

     --initdb [--with-platform[=<Plaform>[,<Platform>...]] [--with-pakke]

Here `<Platform>' is the abbreviated name of a platform.  Currently the
following names are recognised:

`msdos'
     MS-DOS and all variants;

`win95'
     Windows '95, all versions;

`win98'
     Windows '98, all versions;

`winme'
     Windows ME, all versions;

`winnt4'
     Windows NT 4, all Service Pack levels;

`win2k'
     Windows 2000, all Service Pack levels;

`winxp'
     Windows XP, all Service Pack levels;

`dosemu'
     dosemu, the DOS emulator for Linux.

Initialising the database
=========================

For pakke to function correctly, the package database must exist.  In
the simplest case, you can run pakke like so:

     pakke --initdb

You may also want to run in verbose mode, using the `-v' or `--verbose'
option.

pakke will create the root directory that will be used to install
packages, unless it already exists.  It will then create the package
database off this root directory.

After creating the package database, pakke will try to detect the
platform that it is running on.  It will install a DSM for the platform
into the package database - a "platform DSM".  If you use the same DJGPP
installation on multiple platforms, you should install multiple
platform DSMs using the `--with-platform' option.  For example, here's
how to install a platform DSM for Windows NT 4:

     pakke -v --initdb --with-platform=winnt4

It is also possible for pakke to install a copy of itself in the package
root directory, using the `--with-pakke' option.  This is most useful
when you are installing DJGPP from scratch using pakke.  For example:

     pakke -v --root c:/djgpp --initdb --with-pakke

Synchronising the package database
**********************************

Synchronisation command-line
============================

     --syncdb

Synchronising the database
==========================

The package database may require synchronising periodically.  If you
install any packages without using pakke, pakke needs to update its
database with information about these packages, if it can.  Namely it
creates MD5 hashes and copies the package's DSM to the database.  Note
that it can only do this for packages that have a DSM available.

It is important to create MD5 hashes for a package, so that uninstall
can detect whether any of them have been modified.  If there are no MD5
hashes for a package, then data loss may results, since uninstall will
just remove the package's files (*note Uninstalling packages::).

`--syncdb' can also download and install or upgrade to the latest DSMs
for DJGPP packages (*note DSMs for DJGPP packages::).  pakke will ask
if it can download them (*note Automatic downloading of packages::).

It is usually best to run pakke in verbose mode (the `-v' or
`--verbose' options), when synchronsing, to see what it is doing:

     pakke -v --syncdb

Synchronisation sources
=======================

DSMs are synchronised from the following places:

   * the `manifest' directories, e.g. `c:/djgpp/manifest';

   * the available DSM directories, e.g.
     `c:/djgpp/share/pakke/db-avail'.

These paths are controlled by pakke's configuration (*note pakkerc::).

Package specifiers
******************

Package specifiers are very important in pakke's operation.  The format
of a package specifier is:

     <Name> [<Version>] [(<Type>)]

Here are some examples:

     fileutils
     gcc 2.95.2
     binutils 2.10 (sources)
     zlib (binaries)

"Wildcards" are allowed in package specifiers.  Shell-style wildcards
are allowed in the name.  Any part of the version can be replaced with
a `?'. For example, to match all versions of gcc 2.95.x (2.95.1,
2.95.2, 2.95.3), you could use:

     gcc 2.95.?

You can match any remaining parts of the version with a `*'.  For
example, to match all versions of gcc 3.x (e.g.: 3.0.3, 3.1), you could
use:

     gcc 3.*

You could match all binary packages ending in `zip', but with any first
letter:

     ?zip (binaries)

You can also match the type with a wildcard. For example, you can find
all packages beginning with `e':

     e* (?)

NB: If you don't specify the type, then all types will be matched.

NB: Make sure you quote spaces and wildcards, when passing arguments to
pakke.  Otherwise your shell may interpret these characters and do
something you don't expect. Consider this example:

     pakke -q 'gcc 2.95.*' --long-info

Versions
========

The version is specified as follows:

     <Major>[.<Minor>[.<Subminor>[.<Subsubminor>]]]
     [  (alpha <Alpha number>)
      | (beta <Beta number>)
      | (pre <Pre-release number>)]
     [revision <Revision number>] [patchlevel <Patchlevel number>]
     [release <Release number>]
     [snapshot <ISO 8061 hyphenless date>] [platform <Platform specifier>]

Versions are explained in detail in the DSM specification (*note
Formats: (dsm)Descriptive Directives.).

Types
=====

The following types can be used in a package specifier:

   * binaries

   * sources

   * documentation

   * virtual

The types of package are explained in more detail in the DSM
specification (*note Information Directives: (dsm)Descriptive
Directives.).

Querying packages
*****************

Packages can be queried in several different ways:

   * by the package's file name (for a package that is not installed);

   * by the package's name and version (*note Package specifiers::);

   * by matching a file owned by one or more packages.

There may be multiple matched packages.  For example, if one has
installed the binaries and sources for a package, both may be matched.
If multiple versions of a package are installed, then they may all be
matched.

Different types of query give different information - one can query the
following information about one or more packages:

   * the package's name and version;

   * a summary description, for a brief overview;

   * a detailed description;

   * other packages required by the package to function;

   * other packages that the package can optionally use;

   * other packages that the package conflicts with;

   * other packages that the package replaces;

   * capabilities provided by the package;

   * packages that the package should be installed before or after;

   * change history (a changelog) for the package;

   * documentation to be read before or after installing or
     uninstalling;

   * the warning that will be printed on installing the package.

Querying a non-installed package
================================

To query a non-installed package file, one must use the `-p' option
with the file name of the package, e.g.

     pakke -q -p package.zip

To query a non-installed package that is in pakke's package database,
one must use the `-A' option with the name of the package, e.g.:

     pakke -q -A bison

If there are multiple matches, a more specific query including the
version may be used (*note Package specifiers::), e.g.

     pakke -q -A 'bison 1.28 (binaries)'

Querying an installed package
=============================

To query an installed package, one can just use the package's name.  If
there are multiple matches, a more specific query including the version
should be used (*note Package specifiers::).

Here are some examples:

     pakke -q fileutils
     pakke -q 'gcc 2.95.2'
     pakke -q 'binutils 2.10 (sources)'

Querying a package's description
================================

A package can be described in short or long form, e.g.

     pakke -q fileutils --short-info
     pakke -q -p gmp311b.zip --long-info

`-i' is an abbreviation for the short form.

Querying dependencies
=====================

Dependencies can be queried using the following options - only one can
be used at a time:

   * `-R' or `--requires'

   * `--depends-on'

   * `--conflicts-with'

   * `--replaces'

   * `--provides'

   * `--install-before'

   * `--install-after'

Instead of using one of the above options, `--all-deps' or
`--all-dependencies' can be used to list all the dependency information
for a package.

Querying files owned by a package
=================================

File queries can match on a fully-qualified path or just the filename.
For example:

     pakke -q -p package.zip -f ls.exe
     pakke -qa -f c:/djgpp/ls.exe

Wildcards and relative paths are not matched.  Support will be added for
matching on these in a later version of pakke.

Querying read-me documentation
==============================

These are generally good documents to read before installing a package.
For example:

     pakke -q -p package.zip --pre-install-readme

Similarly, before uninstalling a package, one may want to read the
uninstall document (if available):

     pakke -q -p package.zip --pre-uninstall-readme

If there's no pre-uninstall document, one may want to read the
pre-install documentation again.  There may also be post-install or
post-uninstall documents to read.

A list of available documents can be found querying the long
description:

     pakke -q -p gmp311b.zip --long-info

Installing packages
*******************

Install command-line
====================

     (-i | --install) <Package file> [(-n | --test)]
     (-i | --install) (-A | --available) <Package name> [(-n | --test)]

Here `<Package file>' is the full filename of an archive (e.g.
`c:/zips/gmp311b.zip' or a DSM file (e.g. `c:/zips/gmp311b.dsm').  If
given an archive to install, pakke will try to locate the DSM file
within the archive (*note DJGPP Software Manifest: (dsm)Introduction.).

Here `<Package name>' is the name of an available package.  This is a
package that is in pakke's available database, so pakke knows how to
install it.

Installing a package
====================

Before installing a package, you should read the package's readme files
(*note Querying read-me documentation: Querying packages.).

When installing a package with pakke, the following checks are
performed:

   * the package is of binary, source, documentation or virtual type;

   * all the archives are available (*note Locating archives:
     Installing packages.);

   * the dependencies are satisfied - that is, all the packages needed
     by the new package are present or not present, as required;

If these checks fail, then the package cannot be installed.

If pakke cannot find all the archives, it will ask if it can download
them (*note Automatic downloading of packages::).

When installing a package, pakke may display a warning.  This warning is
provided by the package and may contain important instructions or
information for the package.  pakke will ask if you wish to continue
with the installation, so you can abort the install after reading the
warning.

Once the checks have been performed and the warning message displayed
and acknowledged, pakke will create directories and extract files from
the archive - this may take some time.  Once that is complete, the
package database is updated (*note The package database: Getting
started.) - MD5 hashes are generated for all the files and the
package's DSM is copied into the package database.  Then pakke will
create entries in the info directory for any info files contained in
the package.

*WARNING:* It is important to install packages with pakke, if you want
to uninstall them with pakke later.  If you do install a package
without using pakke, you should synchronise pakke's package database as
soon as possible, to create MD5 hashes and DSMs in the package database
(*note Synchronising the package database::).

It is usually best to run pakke in verbose mode (the `-v' or
`--verbose' options), when installing, to see what it is doing.

Here are some examples:

     pakke --install package.zip
     pakke -v -i package.zip
     pakke -v -i -A 'package (binaries)'

Installs and duplicates
=======================

When installing a package with pakke, it is possible that a file will be
installed that has the same name as an existing file.  pakke will ask
you what to do - there are four choices:

   * replace the file;

   * back up the file (*note Backups::);

   * skip extracting the new file, leaving the current file;

   * abort the uninstallation.

Aborting the installation of package may cause problems, because the
package may be left in a half-installed state.

Here is an example:

     'c:/djgpp/copying' already exists
     [r]eplace, [b]ackup, [s]kip or [a]bort?

Testing installs
================

You can test whether a package can be installed or not by installing in
test mode.  pakke does the checks listed above, displays the warning
(if any) and then aborts.  Test mode is most useful for checking
dependencies. For example:

     pakke -v --install gmp311b.zip -n
     pakke -v -i fil40b.zip --test
     pakke -v -i -A 'bison (binaries)' --test

DSMs provided with pakke
========================

Not all DJGPP packages have DSMs.  pakke includes DSMs for many of the
popular packages that do not include a DSM.  Hopefully these packages
will include a DSM in later releases.  In the meantime, you need to
point pakke at these DSMs, to install these packages. For example, when
installing textutils 2.0 you need to use a command-line like:

     pakke -v --install --available 'textutils 2.0 (binaries)'

You may wish to download and install the latest DSMs for DJGPP packages,
to allow you to install by package name (*note DSMs for DJGPP
packages::).

Locating archives
=================

pakke searches for package archives in the directories listed in its
configuration file `pakkerc' (*note pakkerc::).  It looks in the
directories listed and then in the following sub-directories of them:

   * `v2/', `v2/alphas/', `v2/beta/',

   * `v2apps/', `v2apps/alphas/', `v2apps/beta/',

   * `v2gnu/', `v2gnu/alphas', `v2gnu/beta/',

   * `v2misc/', `v2misc/alphas/', `v2misc/beta/',

   * `v2tk/', `v2tk/alphas/', `v2tk/beta/'

This supports storage of DJGPP packages in a flat directory structure
or in a directory structure like that of the DJGPP archive.

So if one has a download directory, e.g. `c:/zips/djgpp', where all
DJGPP packages are downloaded, then it should be added to the list of
places to search in `pakkerc' (*note pakkerc::), like so:

     zips from .,c:/zips/djgpp,@PAKKE-DOWNLOAD@

An example of pakke locating archives
-------------------------------------

Consider installing Fileutils 4.0 using the DSM from the "djgpp-dsms"
package.  Assume that the "djgpp-dsm" package has been installed.  Then
you can install Fileutils using the `-A' option:

     pakke -v --install -A 'fileutils 4.0 (binaries)'

Assume that `c:/zips/djgpp' contains a mirror of the DJGPP archive from
Simtel.NET.  Then the Fileutils 4.0 binary package will be
`c:/zips/djgpp/v2gnu/fil40b.zip'.  Also assume that the pakke
configuration has the `zips from ...' line shown above.

When the install command is run, pakke will look in these directories
in this order for `fil40b.zip':

     .
     ./v2
     ./v2apps
     ./v2gnu
     ./v2misc
     ./v2tk
     c:/zips/djgpp
     c:/zips/djgpp/v2
     c:/zips/djgpp/v2apps
     c:/zips/djgpp/v2gnu
     c:/zips/djgpp/v2misc
     c:/zips/djgpp/v2tk
     ...

Hence it will find the file `c:/zips/djgpp/v2gnu/fil40b.zip' and
install it.

Uninstalling packages
*********************

Uninstall command-line
======================

     (-e | --uninstall) <Package> [(-n | --test)]

Here `<Package>' is a package specifier (*note Package specifiers::),
for example `'fileutils 4.0 (binaries)''.  If more than one package is
matched by the given package specifier, pakke will abort.  Only one
package can be uninstalled at a time.  If there are multiple matches, a
more precise package specifier is needed.

Uninstalling a package
======================

Before uninstalling a package, you should read the package's readme
files (*note Querying read-me documentation: Querying packages.).

When uninstalling a package with pakke, it checks that no hard
dependencies will be broken by removing the package.  If this check
fails, then the package cannot be uninstalled.

Once the checks have been performed, pakke removes any entries in the
info directory for any info files contained in the package.  Then pakke
removes all files belonging to the package - this may take some time.
Once that is complete, the package database is updated (*note The
package database: Getting started.) - MD5 hashes are removed and the
package's DSM is removed from the package database.

*WARNING:* Packages that do not have MD5 hashes will be removed without
prompting the user.  pakke cannot tell what files have been changed and
will just remove them.

It is usually best to run pakke in verbose mode (the `-v' or
`--verbose' options), when uninstalling, to see what it is doing.

Here are some examples:

     pakke --uninstall 'gmp 3.1.1 (binaries)'
     pakke -v -e fileutils

Uninstalls and modified files
=============================

When uninstalling a package that was installed with pakke, it will ask
you what to do with modified files.  There are four choices:

   * remove the file;

   * back up the file (*note Backups::);

   * keep the file;

   * abort the uninstallation.

Aborting the uninstallation of package may cause problems, because the
package may be left in a half-installed state.

Here is an example:

     Warning: MD5 hash for file 'c:/djgpp/djgpp.env' has changed
     'c:/djgpp/djgpp.env' has changed
     [r]emove, [b]ackup, [k]eep or [a]bort?

Testing uninstalls
==================

You can test whether a package can be uninstalled or not by
uninstalling in test mode.  pakke does the checks listed above, lists
changed files and then aborts.  Test mode is most useful for checking
dependencies.  For example:

     pakke -v --uninstall 'gmp 3.1.1 (binaries)'
     pakke -v -e fileutils

Upgrading packages
******************

Upgrade command-line
====================

*WARNING:* pakke's upgrade feature is experimental.  It may not handle
dependencies properly in all cases, which could cause data loss.  You
are strongly advised to use upgrade in test mode, before actually
upgrading.  Having said this, the author has used the upgrade feature
many times, without data loss.

     (-U | --upgrade) <Package file> [(-n | --test)]
     (-U | --upgrade) (-A | --available) <Package name> [(-n | --test)]

Here `<Package file>' is the full filename of an archive (e.g.
`c:/zips/gmp311b.zip' or a DSM file (e.g. `c:/zips/gmp311b.dsm').  If
given an archive to upgrade, pakke will try to locate the DSM file
within the archive (*note DJGPP Software Manifest: (dsm)Introduction.).

Here `<Package name>' is the name of an available package.  This is a
package that is in pakke's available database, so pakke knows how to
install it.

Upgrading a package
===================

Before upgrading a package, you should read the old and new packages'
readme files (*note Querying read-me documentation: Querying packages.).
Because upgrading to a new package may upgrade more than one package,
this may not be straightforward.

When upgrading a package with pakke, it checks that all hard
dependencies satisfied by the old package(s) will be satisfied by the
new package.  It is possible that not all hard dependencies are
satisfied in normal usage - for instance, if a user installs a DJGPP
package without using pakke.  If this check fails, then the package
cannot be uninstalled.

Upgrading is basically an uninstall operation (*note Uninstalling
packages::) followed by an install operation (*note Installing
packages::).

It is described in the section on install operations, how package
archives are found (*note Locating archives: Installing packages.).

     pakke -v --upgrade fil40b.zip
     pakke -v --upgrade -A 'bison 1.35 (binaries)'

Upgrades, modified files and duplicates
=======================================

Please see the uninstall and install sections (*note Uninstalling
packages::), *note Installing packages::) for information on duplicates
and modified files.  Upgrading treats files in the same manner as
uninstall and install operations.

Testing upgrades
================

You can test whether a package can be upgraded or not by upgrading in
test mode.  pakke does the checks listed above, lists changed files and
then aborts.  Test mode is most useful for checking dependencies.  For
example:

     pakke -v --upgrade fil40b.zip --test

Backups
*******

When backing up a file, pakke places the files in the `backup/'
directory off the pakke root, e.g. `c:/djgpp/backup'.  The files are
stored in a directory named after the package.  They are stored with
the same relative paths that they had under the pakke root, e.g. `bin/'.

As an example, consider a package 'fred' version 1.2 binaries.  The
package file name could be `fred12b.zip' with a DSM called
`fred12b.dsm'.  Say it was stored under `c:/djgpp', but is now being
uninstalled.  A user modified its configuration file
`c:/djgpp/share/fred/fred.ini'.  When the package is uninstalled, the
user chooses to back up `fred.ini'. It is backed up to:

     c:/djgpp/backup/fred12b.old/share/fred/fred.ini

By storing the modified files under a directory named after the package,
you should be able to find the backup easily.

Non-interactive mode
********************

When pakke is run in non-interactive mode, it automatically answers any
questions that it would have asked the user.  It answers the questions
in cautious manner.  For example:

Synchronise database
     Packages will not be downloaded.

Install
     Installs will be aborted if the package has a warning message that
     the user must read.  Installs will not automatically download
     packages.  Files will be backed up automatically, if they will be
     overwritten.

     Packages will not be downloaded.

Upgrade
     Installs will be aborted if the package has a warning message that
     the user must read.  Packages will not be automatically
     downloaded.  Files will be backed up automatically, if they will
     be overwritten or have changed.

     Packages will not be downloaded.

Uninstall
     Files will be backed up automatically, if they have changed.

Checking the integrity of installed packages
********************************************

Check integrity command-line
============================

     --check-integrity <Package>

Here `<Package>' is a package specifier (*note Package specifiers::),
for example `'fileutils 4.0 (binaries)''.  Multiple packages can be
checked.

Checking the integrity of a package
===================================

Checking the integrity of a package checks that:

   * whether any of its files have been changed;

   * none of its files have been deleted.

For any files that have been changed/deleted, pakke will output a
message.

Here's an example:

     pakke -v -check-integrity djdev

To check the integrity of all packages, use:

     pakke -v --check-integrity '*'

This may take some time, if you have a lot of packages installed.

Configuration
*************

pakkerc
=======

`pakkerc' controls where pakke looks for its files - namely:

   * manifest files (`.mft') for installed packages, e.g.
     `c:/djgpp/manifest';

   * DSM files for installed packages, e.g. `c:/djgpp/share/pakke/db';

   * DSM files for available packages, e.g.
     `c:/djgpp/share/pakke/db-avail';

   * ZIP file packages;

   * gzip'd tar file packages;

   * bzip2'd tar file packages.

`pakkerc' also controls how and where pakke downloads packages using
the protocols HTTP and FTP:

   * what HTTP and/or FTP proxies to use, if any;

   * what HTTP or FTP server to use,

   * or what country the computer is in, if pakke should choose an HTTP
     or FTP server.

pakkerc's syntax
================

     installed mft from <paths>
     installed dsm from <paths>
     available dsm from <paths>
     zip from <paths and/or urls>
     tar-gzip from <paths and/or urls>
     tar-bzip2 from <paths and/or urls>
     
     proxy http using <url>
     proxy ftp using <url>
     
     ftp from <url>
     http from <url>
     
     location is <country code>

where:

<paths> is a list of paths separated by commas or the word `or'
surrounded by whitespace, e.g.:

     c:/some-dir,c:/some-other-dir or c:/yet-another-dir

If the a path has spaces in its name, enclose its name in double quotes.

<url> is a URL formatted like so:

     http://somehost/

<paths or urls> is a list of paths and/or URLs formatted in the same
way as <paths>, e.g.

     c:/some-dir or ftp://server/remote-dir/

URLs must specify the path to the root of a DJGPP archive directory,
i.e.: the one containing all archives (*note Locating archives:
Installing packages.).

Configuring downloading of packages
===================================

pakke can download packages from HTTP or FTP web servers.  The server
is chosen according to these rules:

   * If an archive path list (e.g.: `zip', `tar-gzip' or `tar-bzip2')
     contains a URL, then that URL is used.

   * If `http from' is specified, its URL is used.

   * If `ftp from' is specified, its URL is used.

   * If `location' is specified, then a URL is chosen from the list of
     Simtel.NET mirrors in `simtelrc' (*note simtelrc::).

   * Otherwise the main Simtel.NET site is used.

Please specify a `location', to reduce load on the main Simtel.NET site.

Locations
---------

A `location' is the country code used in URLs on the Internet, e.g.:
`uk', `de', `au'.  Users in the US should use one of the generic
top-level domain names, e.g.: `com', `net' or `org'.

Substitutions in pakkerc
------------------------

`pakkerc' allows substitutions to be made from the environment.  Other
special substitutions can be made.  The syntax is:

     @<substitution-name>@

where <substitution-name> is the name of the substitution to be
performed.  If the named substitution cannot be made, then it is
replaced by empty text.

Substitutions from the environment
----------------------------------

Examples of configuration commands using substitutions from the
environment:

     proxy http using @http_proxy@
     proxy ftp using @ftp_proxy@

If `http_proxy' is not set in the environment, then no HTTP proxy will
be used.

Special substitutions
---------------------

The following are special substitutions:

`PAKKE-ROOT'
     This is replaced with the pakke root directory, which is typically
     the DJGPP directory, as given by the environment variable `DJDIR',
     e.g. `c:/djgpp'.  This should be used instead of `@DJDIR@'.

`PAKKE-DOWNLOAD'
     This is replaced with the directory that pakke places archives,
     when it downloads them via HTTP or FTP.  `PAKKE-DOWNLOAD' is
     expanded to `@PAKKE-ROOT@/share/pakke/packages', which may be, for
     example, `c:/djgpp/share/pakke/packages'.

     You should have `@PAKKE-DOWNLOAD@' in your `zip', `tar-gzip' and
     `tar-bzip2' paths.  Otherwise pakke will not be able to find the
     archives it has downloaded.

Example pakkerc
===============

This example pakkerc is for a standard install of DJGPP.  If pakke
cannot find any package files, it will download them from an HTTP or
FTP mirror site in the UK.

     installed mft from @PAKKE-ROOT@manifest
     installed dsm from @PAKKE-ROOT@share/pakke/db
     available dsm from .,@PAKKE-ROOT@share/pakke/db-avail
     
     zip from .,@PAKKE-DOWNLOAD@
     tar-gzip from .,@PAKKE-DOWNLOAD@
     tar-bzip2 from .,@PAKKE-DOWNLOAD@
     
     proxy http using @http_proxy@
     proxy ftp using @ftp_proxy@
     
     location is uk

You may wish to add the directory you keep ZIP packages in, e.g.:

     zip from .,c:/djgpp-zips,@PAKKE-DOWNLOAD@

The `pakkerc' file that is supplied with pakke is well commented.
Hopefully this will also help you to understand how to configure pakke.

simtelrc
========

simtelrc's syntax
=================

`simtelrc' contains a list of URLs for Simtel.NET mirror sites, which
contain a mirror of the DJGPP archive.  `simtelrc' has one URL per
line.  E.g.:

     ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/simtelnet
     ftp://ftp.nic.surfnet.nl/mirror/simtel

You should not need to edit `simtelrc', since each release of pakke
should come with an up-to-date list of Simtel.NET mirrors.  If you find
that the list is out-of-date, please send a mail to
<pakke-workers@yahoogroups.com>.

How-tos
*******

How to install DJGPP using pakke
================================

  1. Create a directory to contain your DJGPP installation, e.g.
     `c:/djgpp'.  Please replace `c:/djgpp' with the appropriate path in
     the following steps.

  2. Extract the pakke binary distribution into the DJGPP directory.

  3. Add the `bin' sub-directory of the DJGPP directory to your path,
     e.g. add the following to your `autoexec.bat':

          PATH=c:\djgpp\bin;%PATH%

     Also execute this command from the DOS command-line.

  4. Add a line for `djgpp.env' to your `autoexec.bat', e.g.:

          set DJGPP=c:\djgpp\djgpp.env

     Also execute this command from the DOS command-line.

  5. Initialise the package database in the DJGPP directory, e.g.:

          pakke --root c:/djgpp -v --initdb

  6. Modify the pakke configuration file (*note pakkerc::) to point to
     the directory that you store your DJGPP packages in. For example,
     if you store your packages in `c:/zips/gnu/djgpp', add a line like:

          zip from c:/zips/gnu/djgpp

  7. Install the DJGPP development environment.  E.g.:

          pakke --root c:/djgpp -v --install c:/zips/gnu/djgpp/djdev203.zip

  8. Now that you have the base DJGPP environment installed, read the
     DJGPP installation instructions for any other actions that may be
     needed, to use it.  At this point you may want to reboot, to pick
     up the changes to `autoexec.bat'.


How to upgrade pakke using pakke
================================

The problem with upgrading pakke on DOS or Windows is that you cannot
overwrite the pakke program, while it is running.  To get round this
problem, create a temporary copy of the current pakke program and use
the copy to upgrade the main pakke program.  E.g.: to upgrade to pakke
0.1.6:

     mkdir -p /temp/upgrade
     cp $DJDIR/bin/pakke.exe /temp/upgrade/pakke.exe
     /temp/upgrade/pakke.exe -Uv /path/to/zipo016b.zip
     rm /temp/upgrade/pakke.exe

How to report bugs in pakke
===========================

When trying to fix bugs, some information is required: the version of
pakke (see below) and how pakke failed.  For instance, did pakke crash?
Or did it exit with a strange error?

If pakke crashed, please send details of its crash dump.  Analysis of
crash dumps is explained in detail in the DJGPP FAQ (*note Crash dump:
(djgppfaq)Crash dump.).  Please note that this only applies to the
DJGPP version of pakke.  If you are using pakke on other platforms
(e.g. Linux), there are other methods for analysing crashes (e.g.
coredumps).

Please send details of the bug to <pakke-workers@yahoogroups.com>.

Finding the version of pakke
----------------------------

The version of pakke can be found using the `--version' command-line
option for pakke.  The `--verbose' option will display warnings about
problems with or assumptions made in parsing the package database.

     pakke --verbose --version

Please send a copy of the output of this command to the person who built
the version of pakke you are using.  Below is an example of the output,
for comparison.

     . DJGPP path 'c:/djgpp/'
     . Installation prefix 'c:/djgpp/'
     . Backup prefix 'c:/djgpp/backup/'
     . Download prefix 'c:/djgpp/share/pakke/packages/'
     . Reading configuration from 'c:/djgpp/share/pakke/pakkerc'
     . Installed DSM path [1]: 'c:/djgpp/share/pakke/db'
     . Installed manifest path [1]: 'c:/djgpp/manifest'
     . Available DSM path [1]: '.'
     . Available DSM path [2]: 'c:/djgpp/share/pakke/db-avail'
     . Available zip path [1]: '.'
     . Available zip path [2]: 'c:/djgpp/share/pakke/packages/'
     . Available gzip'd tar path [1]: '.'
     . Available gzip'd tar path [2]: 'c:/djgpp/share/pakke/packages/'
     . Available bzip2'd tar path [1]: '.'
     . Available bzip2'd tar path [2]: 'c:/djgpp/share/pakke/packages/'
     . HTTP mirror [1]: 'http://iolanthe/djgpp/'
     . Location [1]: 'uk'
     . Simtel.NET mirror: 'http://iolanthe/djgpp/'
     pakke 0.2.1 - DJGPP Package Manager
     Copyright (C) 1999-2002 by Richard Dawe <rich@phekda.freeserve.co.uk>
     Distributed under terms of the GNU GPL ('pakke -L' to view)
     
     Compilation information:
     . Built on 'ATHENA' by rich <rich@phekda.freeserve.co.uk>
     . Built on Jun 30 2002 13:14:54
     . libpakke 0.2.1
     . DJGPP 2.03
     . gcc version 3.1
     . binutils 2.12.1
     . zlib 1.1.4 Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler
     . unzip 0.15 Copyright 1998 Gilles Vollant
     
     DSM built-ins:
     . DSM version:   0.6.0
     . Platform:      i386-pc-msdosdjgpp
     . Root:          c:/djgpp/ (NB: overridden by DJDIR from environment)
     . Platform DSMs: dosemu msdos win2k win3 win95 win98 winme winnt4 winxp
     
     Helpers:
     . HTTP/FTP: wget: c:/djgpp/share/pakke/win32/wget/wget.exe
     
     DJGPP prefixes: v2/, v2/alphas/, v2/beta/, v2apps/, v2apps/alphas/,
     v2apps/beta/, v2gnu/, v2gnu/alphas/, v2gnu/beta/, v2misc/,
     v2misc/alphas/, v2misc/beta/, v2tk/, v2tk/alphas/, v2tk/beta/,
     v2tk/allegro/

GNU Free Documentation License
******************************

                        Version 1.1, March 2000
     Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA
     
     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

  0. PREAMBLE

     The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
     written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone
     the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
     modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.  Secondarily,
     this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get
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     modifications made by others.

     This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
     works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.
     It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
     license designed for free software.

     We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
     free software, because free software needs free documentation: a
     free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms
     that the software does.  But this License is not limited to
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     We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is
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  1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

     This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a
     notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed
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     any such manual or work.  Any member of the public is a licensee,
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     A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
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     A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter
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     The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose
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  2. VERBATIM COPYING

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     other respects.

     If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
     legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
     reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto
     adjacent pages.

     If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
     numbering more than 100, you must either include a
     machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or
     state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly-accessible
     computer-network location containing a complete Transparent copy
     of the Document, free of added material, which the general
     network-using public has access to download anonymously at no
     charge using public-standard network protocols.  If you use the
     latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you
     begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that
     this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
     location until at least one year after the last time you
     distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or
     retailers) of that edition to the public.

     It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of
     the Document well before redistributing any large number of
     copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated
     version of the Document.

  4. MODIFICATIONS

     You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document
     under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you
     release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with
     the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus
     licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to
     whoever possesses a copy of it.  In addition, you must do these
     things in the Modified Version:

       A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title
          distinct from that of the Document, and from those of
          previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed
          in the History section of the Document).  You may use the
          same title as a previous version if the original publisher of
          that version gives permission.

       B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or
          entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in
          the Modified Version, together with at least five of the
          principal authors of the Document (all of its principal
          authors, if it has less than five).

       C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
          Modified Version, as the publisher.

       D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.

       E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
          adjacent to the other copyright notices.

       F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license
          notice giving the public permission to use the Modified
          Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in
          the Addendum below.

       G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant
          Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's
          license notice.

       H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.

       I. Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and
          add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new
          authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on
          the Title Page.  If there is no section entitled "History" in
          the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors,
          and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page,
          then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in
          the previous sentence.

       J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document
          for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
          likewise the network locations given in the Document for
          previous versions it was based on.  These may be placed in
          the "History" section.  You may omit a network location for a
          work that was published at least four years before the
          Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version
          it refers to gives permission.

       K. In any section entitled "Acknowledgments" or "Dedications",
          preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all
          the substance and tone of each of the contributor
          acknowledgments and/or dedications given therein.

       L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
          unaltered in their text and in their titles.  Section numbers
          or the equivalent are not considered part of the section
          titles.

       M. Delete any section entitled "Endorsements".  Such a section
          may not be included in the Modified Version.

       N. Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements" or to
          conflict in title with any Invariant Section.

     If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
     appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no
     material copied from the Document, you may at your option
     designate some or all of these sections as invariant.  To do this,
     add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified
     Version's license notice.  These titles must be distinct from any
     other section titles.

     You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
     nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
     parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text
     has been approved by an organization as the authoritative
     definition of a standard.

     You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,
     and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end
     of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one
     passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be
     added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity.  If the
     Document already includes a cover text for the same cover,
     previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity
     you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
     replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous
     publisher that added the old one.

     The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this
     License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
     assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

  5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

     You may combine the Document with other documents released under
     this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for
     modified versions, provided that you include in the combination
     all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents,
     unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your
     combined work in its license notice.

     The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
     multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
     copy.  If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name
     but different contents, make the title of each such section unique
     by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the
     original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a
     unique number.  Make the same adjustment to the section titles in
     the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the
     combined work.

     In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled
     "History" in the various original documents, forming one section
     entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections entitled
     "Acknowledgments", and any sections entitled "Dedications".  You
     must delete all sections entitled "Endorsements."

  6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

     You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
     documents released under this License, and replace the individual
     copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
     that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the
     rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the
     documents in all other respects.

     You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
     distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert
     a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow
     this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of
     that document.

  7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

     A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
     separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of
     a storage or distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a
     Modified Version of the Document, provided no compilation
     copyright is claimed for the compilation.  Such a compilation is
     called an "aggregate", and this License does not apply to the
     other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document, on
     account of their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves
     derivative works of the Document.

     If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
     copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one
     quarter of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be
     placed on covers that surround only the Document within the
     aggregate.  Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole
     aggregate.

  8. TRANSLATION

     Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
     distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section
     4.  Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
     permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
     translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
     original versions of these Invariant Sections.  You may include a
     translation of this License provided that you also include the
     original English version of this License.  In case of a
     disagreement between the translation and the original English
     version of this License, the original English version will prevail.

  9. TERMINATION

     You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
     except as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other
     attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is
     void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
     License.  However, parties who have received copies, or rights,
     from you under this License will not have their licenses
     terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

     The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
     the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new
     versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
     differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See
     `http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/'.

     Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
     number.  If the Document specifies that a particular numbered
     version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you
     have the option of following the terms and conditions either of
     that specified version or of any later version that has been
     published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.  If
     the Document does not specify a version number of this License,
     you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the
     Free Software Foundation.

ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
----------------------------------------------------

To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
notices just after the title page:

       Copyright (C)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.
       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
       or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
       with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
       Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
       A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
       Free Documentation License''.

If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections"
instead of saying which ones are invariant.  If you have no Front-Cover
Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of "Front-Cover Texts being
LIST"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts.

If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to
permit their use in free software.

Concept Index
*************

capabilities:
          See ``Dependencies''.
dependencies:
          See ``Dependencies''.
dependency:
          See ``Dependencies''.
depends-on:
          See ``Dependencies''.
djgpp-dsms package:
          See ``DSMs for DJGPP packages''.
FDL, GNU Free Documentation License:
          See ``GNU Free Documentation License''.
hard dependency:
          See ``Dependencies''.
install:
          See ``Installing packages''.
installing:
          See ``Installing packages''.
integrity check:
          See ``The package operations''.
package specifiers:
          See ``Package specifiers''.
platform DSM:
          See ``The package database''.
platform DSMs:
          See ``The package database''.
queries:
          See ``Querying packages''.
query:
          See ``Querying packages''.
query types:
          See ``Querying packages''.
requires:
          See ``Dependencies''.
soft dependency:
          See ``Dependencies''.
testing installs:
          See ``Installing packages''.
testing uninstalls:
          See ``Uninstalling packages''.
testing upgrades:
          See ``Upgrading packages''.
uninstall:
          See ``Uninstalling packages''.
uninstalling:
          See ``Uninstalling packages''.
version wildcards:
          See ``Package specifiers''.
virtual dependencies:
          See ``Dependencies''.
Table of Contents
*****************




Introduction
  What is pakke?

Installation
  Installing the Binary Distribution
  Installing the Documentation Distribution
  Building from the Source Distribution
    Required and Optional Packages
    Configuration and Compilation

Getting started
  Dependencies
  The package database
  The package operations
  DSMs for DJGPP packages
  Automatic downloading of packages
  Getting started with pakke

Invoking pakke
    Help options
    Global options
    Download options
    Query options
    Install options
    Uninstall options
    Upgrade options
    Database initialisation options
    Database synchronisation options
    Integrity checking options

Package operations

Initialising the package database
  Initialisation command-line
  Initialising the database

Synchronising the package database
  Synchronisation command-line
  Synchronising the database
  Synchronisation sources

Package specifiers
  Versions
  Types

Querying packages
  Querying a non-installed package
  Querying an installed package
  Querying a package's description
  Querying dependencies
  Querying files owned by a package
  Querying read-me documentation

Installing packages
  Install command-line
  Installing a package
  Installs and duplicates
  Testing installs
  DSMs provided with pakke
  Locating archives
    An example of pakke locating archives

Uninstalling packages
  Uninstall command-line
  Uninstalling a package
  Uninstalls and modified files
  Testing uninstalls

Upgrading packages
  Upgrade command-line
  Upgrading a package
  Upgrades, modified files and duplicates
  Testing upgrades

Backups

Non-interactive mode

Checking the integrity of installed packages
  Check integrity command-line
  Checking the integrity of a package

Configuration
  pakkerc
  pakkerc's syntax
  Configuring downloading of packages
    Locations
    Substitutions in pakkerc
    Substitutions from the environment
    Special substitutions
  Example pakkerc
  simtelrc
  simtelrc's syntax

How-tos
  How to install DJGPP using pakke
  How to upgrade pakke using pakke
  How to report bugs in pakke
    Finding the version of pakke

GNU Free Documentation License
    ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents

Concept Index


